Seven layers · chronological
Anatolian Heritage
Bithyné carries seven cultural layers, not one. The plant practice of Anatolia did not begin with the Ottomans — it reaches back through Seljuk caravanserais, Byzantine monasteries, the Hellenistic apothecaries of Pergamon and Anazarbus, all the way to the Hittite cuneiform tablets of Hattuša. The Old Turkic steppe culture entered the geography with the Seljuk migration of the eleventh century.
N° I
Plant lore in cuneiform
3.500 years. Unbroken.
N° II
Galen, Dioscorides, the scientific root
Pergamon · Anazarbus · Ephesos
N° III
Monastic gardens and the Iznik bridge
Convents · Constantinople · the translation
N° IV
Steppe roots before Anatolia
Felt, undyed wool, tamga marks
N° V
Konya, Mevlana, the middle path
Vuslat — the return
N° VI
Apothecary, hammam, Diwan poetry
The attar and the aktar
N° VII
Living cultivation today
Isparta, Kuyucak, the Black Sea